Bergamot
Bergamot
Citrus bergamia
Family
Rutaceae
Note
Top
Part used
Fruit peel
Extraction
Cold pressing
Plant description

Extracted by cold pressing from the fruit peel of Citrus × bergamia Risso (bergamot), citrus fruit of the Rutaceae probably hybrid among bitter orange and lime, cultivated almost exclusively in the Ionian Calabria (province of Reggio Calabria), where produce the 90% of the production worldwide — a territorial specificity and cultural unique linked to the Ionian coastal microclimate, to the soil and to the traditional farming practices handed down from centuries. The bergamot is the key aromatic ingredient of tea Earl Grey and the iconic, instantly recognizable top note in the perfumes Eau de Cologne and Chypre. The phytochemical profile is dominated by d-limonene (35-50%), linalyl-acetate (15-35%) and linalool (5-15%), with β-pinene and γ-terpinene; the bergapten (5-metossipsoralene, a furanocoumarin) is responsible for the intense photosensitization — the oil FCF (bergapten-free) is bergapten-free for safe use on the skin. In aromatherapy is the anxiolytic and antidepressant of choice for the linalool and the linalyl-acetate, with documented GABAergic activity; mood tonic in the seasonal depression, antiseptic skin, digestive and carminative. Bright top note, floral-citrus and slightly balsamic.

Origin

Calabria (Italy), particularly the area of Reggio Calabria, which produce over the 90% of the production worldwide.

Part used

Fruit peel

Extraction method

Cold pressing

Main uses
  • Mood: antidepressant and anxiolytic, ideal for anxiety states, melancholy and chronic stress.
  • Skin: antiseptic and sebum-regulating, useful for acne and oily skin.
  • Digestive: stimulates the appetite and supports digestion.
  • Environmental: deodorant and purifying, creates an atmosphere bright and positive.
  • Perfumery: base for artisan perfumes, colognes and cosmetics.
Recipes & blends
Diffuser anti-anxiety

4 drops of Bergamot + 3 drops of Lavender + 2 drops of Neroli + 1 drop of Vetiver. Diffuse 30 minutes in moments of anxiety or before stressful events.

Tonic face purifying

3 drops of Bergamot (FCF, furocoumarin-free) + 2 drops of Tea Tree + 2 drops of Geranium in 100 ml of rose water. Apply with a cotton pad after the cleansing.

Fresh summer personal fragrance

10 drops of Bergamot + 6 drops of Lemon + 4 drops of Neroli + 3 drops of Jasmine + 3 drops of Sandalwood in 10 ml of alcohol at 96°. Leave to mature 2 weeks.

Contraindications
PHOTOSENSITIZING: do not apply to the skin exposed to the sun (contains furocoumarins, particularly the bergapten, which cause severe photochemical burns). Use exclusively the version FCF (furanocoumarin-free) for topical use daytime. Not take orally. Avoid large amounts during pregnancy.